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Support: 01 Chapter 6G contains discussions of typical TTC activities. This Chapter presents typical applications for a variety of situations commonly encountered. While not every situation is addressed, the information illustrated can generally be adapted to a broad range of conditions. In many instances, an appropriate TTC plan is achieved by combining features from various typical applications. For example, work at an intersection might present a near-side work zone for one street and a far-side work zone for the other street. These treatments are found in two different typical applications, while a third typical application shows how to handle pedestrian crosswalk closures. For convenience in using the typical application diagrams, Tables 6C-1 and 6C-4 are reproduced in this Chapter as Tables 6H-3 and 6H-4, respectively. 02 Procedures for establishing TTC zones vary with such conditions as road configuration, location of the work, work activity, duration of work, road user volumes, road vehicle mix (buses, trucks, cars, motorcycles, and bicycles), and road user speeds.
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Guidance: If the work space is in the median of a divided highway, an advance warning sign should also be placed on the left side of the directional roadway.
Option: The ROAD WORK AHEAD sign may be replaced with other appropriate signs such as the SHOULDER WORK sign. The SHOULDER WORK sign may be used for work adjacent to the shoulder.
The ROAD WORK AHEAD sign may be omitted where the work space is behind a barrier, more than 24 inches behind the curb, or 15 feet or more from the edge of any roadway.
For short-term, short duration or mobile operation, all signs and channelizing devices may be eliminated if a vehicle with activated high-intensity rotating, flashing, oscillating, or strobe lights is used.
Vehicle hazard warning signals may be used to supplement high-intensity rotating, flashing, oscillating, or strobe lights.
Standard: Vehicle hazard warning signals shall not be used instead of the vehicle's high-intensity rotating, flashing, oscillating, or strobe lights.
Figure 6H-1 Work Beyond the Shoulder (TA-1)
Standard: Whenever blasting caps are used within 1,000 feet of a roadway, the signing shown shall be used.
The signs shall be covered or removed when there are no explosives in the area or the area is otherwise secure.
Whenever a side road intersects the roadway between the BLASTING ZONE AHEAD sign and the END BLASTING ZONE sign, or a side road is within 1,000 feet of any blasting cap, similar signing, as on the mainline, shall be installed on the side road.
Prior to blasting, the blaster in charge shall determine whether road users in the blasting zone will be endangered by the blasting operation. If there is danger, road users shall not be permitted to pass through the blasting zone during blasting operations.
Guidance: On a divided highway, the signs should be mounted on both sides of the directional roadways.
Figure 6H-2 Blasting Zone (TA-2)
Guidance: A SHOULDER WORK sign should be placed on the left side of the roadway for a divided or one-way street only if the left shoulder is affected.
Option: The Workers symbol signs may be used instead of SHOULDER WORK signs.
The SHOULDER WORK AHEAD sign on an intersecting roadway may be omitted where drivers emerging from that roadway will encounter another advance warning sign prior to this activity area.
For short duration operations of 60 minutes or less, all signs and channelizing devices may be eliminated if a vehicle with activated high-intensity rotating, flashing, oscillating, or strobe lights is used.
Vehicle hazard warning signals may be used to supplement high-intensity rotating, flashing, oscillating, or strobe lights.
Standard: Vehicle hazard warning signals shall not be used instead of the vehicle's high-intensity rotating, flashing, oscillating, or strobe lights.
When paved shoulders having a width of 8 feet or more are closed, at least one advance warning sign shall be used. In addition, channelizing devices shall be used to close the shoulder in advance to delineate the beginning of the work space and direct vehicular traffic to remain within the traveled way.
Figure 6H-3 Work on the Shoulders (TA-3)
Support: TTC devices are shown for one direction of travel only.
Standard: Devices similar to those depicted shall be placed for the opposite direction of travel.
Guidance: STOP or YIELD signs displayed to side roads should be installed as needed along the temporary route.
Option: Flashing warning lights and/or flags may be used to call attention to the advance warning signs.
Flashing warning lights may be used on the Type 3 Barricades.
Cardinal direction plaques may be used with route signs.
Figure 6H-9 Overlapping Routes with a Detour (TA-9)
Option: For low-volume situations with short work zones on straight roadways where the flagger is visible to road users approaching from both directions, a single flagger, positioned to be visible to road users approaching from both directions, may be used (see Chapter 6E).
The ROAD WORK AHEAD and the END ROAD WORK signs may be omitted for short-duration operations.
Flashing warning lights and/or flags may be used to call attention to the advance warning signs. A BE PREPARED TO STOP sign may be added to the sign series.
Guidance: The buffer space should be extended so that the two-way traffic taper is placed before a horizontal (or crest vertical) curve to provide adequate sight distance for the flagger and a queue of stopped vehicles.
Standard: At night, flagger stations shall be illuminated, except in emergencies.
Guidance: When used, the BE PREPARED TO STOP sign should be located between the Flagger sign and the ONE LANE ROAD sign.
When a grade crossing exists within or upstream of the transition area and it is anticipated that queues resulting from the lane closure might extend through the grade crossing, the TTC zone should be extended so that the transition area precedes the grade crossing.
When a grade crossing equipped with active warning devices exists within the activity area, provisions should be made for keeping flaggers informed as to the activation status of these warning devices.
When a grade crossing exists within the activity area, drivers operating on the left-hand side of the normal center line should be provided with comparable warning devices as for drivers operating on the right-hand side of the normal center line.
Early coordination with the railroad company or light rail transit agency should occur before work starts.
Option: A flagger or a uniformed law enforcement officer may be used at the grade crossing to minimize the probability that vehicles are stopped within 15 feet of the grade crossing, measured from both sides of the outside rails.
Figure 6H-10 Lane Closure on a Two-Lane Road Using Flaggers (TA-10)
Guidance: The lanes on either side of the center work space should have a minimum width of 10 feet as measured from the near edge of the channelizing devices to the edge of the pavement or the outside edge of the paved shoulder.
Option: Flashing warning lights and/or flags may be used to call attention to the advance warning signs.
If the closure continues overnight, warning lights may be used on the channelizing devices.
A lane width of 9 feet may be used for short-term stationary work on low-volume, low-speed roadways when motor vehicle traffic does not include longer and wider heavy commercial vehicles.
A work vehicle displaying high-intensity rotating, flashing, oscillating, or strobe lights may be used instead of the channelizing devices forming the tapers or the high-level warning devices.
Vehicle hazard warning signals may be used to supplement high-intensity rotating, flashing, oscillating, or strobe lights.
Standard: Vehicle hazard warning signals shall not be used instead of the vehicle's high-intensity rotating, flashing, oscillating, or strobe lights.
Figure 6H-15 Work in the Center of a Road with Low Traffic Volumes (TA-15)
Guidance: The lanes on either side of the center work space should have a minimum width of 10 feet as measured from the near edge of the channelizing devices to the edge of the pavement or the outside edge of the paved shoulder.
Cones should be placed 6 to 12 inches on either side of the center line.
A flagger should be used to warn workers who cannot watch road users.
Standard: For surveying on the center line of a high-volume road, one lane shall be closed using the information illustrated in Figure 6H-10.
Option: A high-level warning device may be used to protect a surveying device, such as a target on a tripod.
Cones may be omitted for a cross-section survey.
ROAD WORK AHEAD signs may be used in place of the SURVEY CREW AHEAD signs.
Flags may be used to call attention to the advance warning signs.
If the work is along the shoulder, the flagger may be omitted.
For a survey along the edge of the road or along the shoulder, cones may be placed along the edge line.
A BE PREPARED TO STOP sign may be added to the sign series.
Guidance: When used, the BE PREPARED TO STOP sign should be located before the Flagger symbol sign.
Figure 6H-16 Surveying Along the Center Line of a Road with Low Traffic Volumes (TA-16) 2ff7e9595c
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